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Article Cybersecurity ECS Educational

Authentication vs. Authorization

These two fundamental concepts play a pivotal role in ensuring the integrity and security of digital systems. While these terms are often used interchangeably, they represent distinct and equally essential aspects in the world of identity and access management (IAM), which safeguards sensitive information and resources . Executive summary Authentication confirms that users are who they […]

Cybersecurity ECS Educational NIS2 Security

Demystifying cybersecurity terms: Policy, Standard, Procedure, Controls, Framework, Zero Trust

I am often asked what is the difference between Policy, Standard, Procedure in cybersecurity. Well, here it is: 1. Cybersecurity Standard A cybersecurity standard is a set of guidelines, criteria, or best practices that organizations follow to ensure that their security controls and procedures align with industry standards or regulatory requirements. Standards provide a benchmark […]

Cybersecurity General NIS2

NIS2: Perform a risk assessment

This is the fourth article from the series How-To: NIS2 EU Directive . One essential step in safeguarding an organization’s sensitive information is to perform a cybersecurity risk assessment. This assessment is particularly crucial when the goal is to implement an Information Security Management System (ISMS). In this article, we will delve into the importance […]

Cybersecurity ECS Educational General NIS2

NIS2: 3.Establish a cybersecurity framework

We wrote here https://www.sorinmustaca.com/how-to-nis2-eu-directive/ that the 3rd  step in implementing the requirements of the directive is to establish a cybersecurity framework. If you haven’t read what a cybersecurity framework means, then you should read article: https://www.sorinmustaca.com/demystifying-cybersecurity-terms-policy-standard-procedure-controls-framework/ .   Establishing a cybersecurity framework is critically important for organizations of all sizes and types because it is […]

Automotive Cybersecurity ECS Educational NIS2

How to implement an Information Security Management System (ISMS)

We wrote here https://www.sorinmustaca.com/how-to-nis2-eu-directive/ that the 3rd  step in implementing the requirements of the directive is to establish a cybersecurity framework. If you haven’t read what a cybersecurity framework means, then you should read article: https://www.sorinmustaca.com/demystifying-cybersecurity-terms-policy-standard-procedure-controls-framework/ . An ISMS is typically based on the ISO 27001 standard, which provides a framework for establishing, implementing, maintaining, […]

Cybersecurity ECS Educational NIS2

NIS2: 2.Designate a responsible person or team

We wrote here https://www.sorinmustaca.com/how-to-nis2-eu-directive/ that the second step in implementing NIS2 requirements is to designate a responsible person or team. Appointing an individual or a team responsible for overseeing the implementation of the NIS2 directive within your company is critical to ensure its success. NIS2 implementation and compliance is a project, and as any project must […]

ECS General Security

NIS2: 1. Perform a gap analysis

We wrote here https://www.sorinmustaca.com/how-to-nis2-eu-directive/ that the first step in implementing NIS2 requirements is to perform a gap analysis.   The most critical part when performing a gap analysis is to define upfront against which standard or security framework are you comparing the existing situation. It is usual when performing a gap analysis of security maturity […]

Automotive Cybersecurity ECS Educational General NIS2 Security

How-To: NIS2 EU Directive

The NIS2 Directive is a European Union legislative text on cybersecurity that supersedes the first NIS (Network and Information Security) Directive, adopted in July 2016. NIS vs. NIS2 While the first NIS (Network and Information Security) Directive increased the Member States’ cybersecurity capabilities, its implementation proved difficult, resulting in fragmentation at different levels across the […]